Intercooler
An intercooler’s purpose is a joyfully simple cooling ingredient. The most common type, an air-to-air intercooler, does this by acting just like a radiator as cool exterior air passes through it cooling the inner air before it’s provided for the combustion chamber.
Intercoolers come in all izes and shapes to accommodate the size with the engine and turbo  and/or supercharger  (they may work in unison ), as well as how much room there is to promote underneath your car’s lid. Their location is usually below leading bumper, in front in the car’s radiator, but at the rear of a grille. It can even be atop the engine, seeing that is found on a handful of Subarus.
The intercooler‘s area in a turbocharged  or supercharged strategy is downstream from the forced induction component to cool compressed, heated-up air flow back down, which then causes it to become denser and therefore more oxygen-rich before it mixes with fuel as well as being burned.

There are two types of intercoolers: air-to-air and air-to-water.
An air-to-air (ATA) design works by using the ambient air passing over the front of the auto and onto the intercooler in order to cool the inner compressed air.
An air-to-water (ATW) intercooler purposes cool water to great the intake charge. This can be a tad more complex as coolant flows in the intercooler to cool the environment, which itself is pumped through a radiator at the cab end of the vehicle. These are generally useful when there will be space concerns, with current examples being the latest G8X BMW M3  and M4, which have several radiators, oil coolers, and transmission coolers where a major air-to-air intercooler would always be, therefore air-to-water is an increased option.
An ATA intercooler is usually cheaper, lighter, and a lesser amount of complex than an ATW intercooler, together with easier to integrate. Increasing the height of a radiator is generally a way to improve its cooling ability, however, it’s not always doable if space reaches a premium.
An ATW intercooler is commonly more efficient as the route the fact that air must travel will be much shorter, as each type encounters a pressure loss that is dependent upon how far the air flow must travel post-turbo and also supercharger, the shorter more suitable. An ATW’s efficiency is bolstered by that water conducts heat better than air. However, it may be a more complex, expensive, plus heavier system.